Understanding Ingrown Nails: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

Ingrown nails can be a painful and annoying condition that affects many people. It occurs when the edge of the nail grows into the skin surrounding it, causing inflammation and discomfort.

If left untreated, ingrown nails can lead to infection and other serious complications.

In this article, we will take a closer look at the causes, symptoms and treatment options for ingrown nails to help you get back on the path to healthy, pain-free feet.

1. Improper nail trimming:

One of the most common causes of ingrown nails is improper nail trimming. If the nails are cut too short or rounded, they can grow into the skin, leading to ingrown nails.

It’s recommended to trim nails straight across, avoiding rounded edges and cutting them too short.

2. Tight-fitting shoes:

Wearing tight-fitting shoes can cause pressure on the toes, leading to the development of ingrown nails.

Shoes that are too tight can push the toes together, leading to the nail growing into the surrounding skin.

3. Trauma:

Trauma to the toe, such as stubbing the toe or dropping a heavy object on it, can cause the nail to grow into the skin, leading to ingrown nails.

4. Genetics:

Some people are more prone to developing ingrown nails due to their genetics. In some cases, the shape and curvature of the nail may make it more likely to grow into the surrounding skin.

5. Fungal infections:

Fungal infections of the nail can cause changes in the nail’s shape, leading to ingrown nails.

The infection can also cause thickening and hardening of the nail, making it more difficult to trim and increasing the likelihood of ingrown nails.

6. Medical conditions:

Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and peripheral arterial disease, can affect the blood flow to the toes, leading to the development of ingrown nails.

In some cases, medical conditions can cause changes in the shape and structure of the nail, making it more likely to grow into the surrounding skin.

In most cases, ingrown nails can be treated at home by soaking the affected toe in warm water and wearing comfortable shoes that don’t put pressure on the toes.

However, in severe cases, medical intervention may be necessary, such as antibiotics to treat an infection or surgical removal of the affected nail. If you experience severe pain, swelling, or redness, it’s essential to seek medical attention to prevent the development of more severe complications.

1. Pain along the edge of the nail:

The most common symptom of an ingrown nail is pain along the edge of the toenail. This pain can be mild to severe, and it may worsen when pressure is applied to the affected toe.

2. Swelling and redness in the surrounding skin:

In addition to pain, an ingrown toenail may cause swelling and redness in the skin surrounding the affected area. The skin may feel tender to the touch, warm, and inflamed.

3. Drainage of pus from the area:

In some cases, an ingrown toenail may become infected, resulting in the drainage of pus from the affected area. The pus may be white, yellow, or green, and it may have a foul odor.

4. Difficulty walking or standing:

An ingrown toenail can also make it difficult to walk or stand. This is because the pressure of the shoe or the weight of the body can worsen the pain and discomfort associated with the condition.

To prevent ingrown nails, it is important to follow proper nail-cutting techniques, avoid peeling nails, avoid wearing tight shoes, and keep your feet clean and dry.

Here are some tips to help you avoid ingrown nails:

• Cut your nails straight across and then round the tips
• Wear shoes that fit properly and allow your toes to move freely
• Keep your feet clean and dry, especially after exercise or sweating
• Avoid picking or tearing at your nails

If you suspect that you have an ingrown nail, it is important to seek medical attention. Your doctor will examine your foot and may order x-rays or other tests to determine the severity of the condition.

The treatment options for ingrown nails will depend on the severity of the condition, but may include:

1. Antibiotics:

If an ingrown toenail is infected or if there is a risk of infection, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

These medications can help to clear up the infection and prevent it from spreading. It’s important to take the full course of antibiotics, even if you start to feel better, to ensure that the infection is fully treated.

2. Pain relievers:

Ingrown toenails can be quite painful, and over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help to relieve discomfort.

If the pain is severe, your doctor may prescribe a stronger pain medication.

3. Soaking the affected foot:

Soaking your foot in warm water can help to reduce swelling and ease pain.

You can add Epsom salts or other products designed for foot soaks to the water to help soothe the affected area.

4. Lifting the nail:

Your doctor may lift the edge of the toenail and place a small piece of cotton or gauze under it to keep it from growing into the skin.

This can help to alleviate pain and prevent the ingrown toenail from getting worse.

5. Surgical removal:

If other treatments are not effective or if the ingrown toenail is severe, your doctor may recommend surgical removal of the affected portion of the nail.

This is usually done in a doctor’s office or clinic using a local anesthetic to numb the toe. After the procedure, you may need to wear a bandage or special shoe for a few days while the toe heals.

1. Are ingrown nails serious?

A. Ingrown nails can be serious if left untreated, as they can lead to infection and other complications. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect that you have an ingrown nail.

2. How long does it take for an ingrown nail to heal?

A. The amount of time it takes for an ingrown nail to heal will depend on the severity of the condition, but most mild cases will resolve within a few days to a week with proper treatment.

3. Can ingrown nails be prevented?

A. Ingrown nails can often be prevented by following proper nail cutting techniques, avoiding tight shoes, and keeping your feet clean and dry.